Golang : Get URI segments by number and assign as variable example

Coming from PHP and CodeIgniter(framework for PHP) background. One thing that I missed is the URI helper's $this->uri->segment(n) where it permits me to retrieve the segment by number and assign the value to string variable. For example :

URL : http://example.com/index.php/news/local/metro/crimeisup

The segment numbers would be this:

1. news

2. local

3. metro

4. crimeisup

news/local/metro/crime_is_up is known as URL Path.

In this tutorial, we will learn how to get the URI segments by number and assign the segment as variable with Golang. See codes below :

 package main

 import (
 "fmt"
 "net/url"
 "strings"
 )

 func main() {
 rawURL := "http://example.com/index.php/news/local/metro/crime_is_up"

 fmt.Println("URL : ", rawURL)

 url, err := url.Parse(rawURL)

 if err != nil {
 panic(err)
 }

 path := url.Path

 uriSegments := strings.Split(path, "/")

 fmt.Println(uriSegments) // count starts from 1

 var metro = uriSegments[3] // assign to variable

 fmt.Println("[segment 3] : ", metro)

 fmt.Println("[segment 4] : ", uriSegments[4])
 }

Output :

URL : http://example.com/index.php/news/local/metro/crimeisup

[ index.php news local metro crimeisup]

[segment 3] : local

[segment 4] : metro

Hang on..this is processing a static URL string. How about getting the URL from browser ?

No worries, here it is :

 package main

 import (
 "net/http"
 "strings"
 )

 func SayHello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 w.Write([]byte("Hello, World!"))
 }

 func GetURISegment(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 uriSegments := strings.Split(r.URL.Path, "/")
 var metro = uriSegments[3]

 w.Write([]byte("[segment 3] : " + metro + "\r\n"))
 w.Write([]byte("[segment 4] : " + uriSegments[4]))
 }

 func main() {
 // http.Handler
 mux := http.NewServeMux()
 mux.HandleFunc("/", SayHello)
 mux.HandleFunc("/news/local/metro/crime_is_up", GetURISegment)

 http.ListenAndServe(":8080", mux)
 }

Run this modified code and point your browser URL to :

http://localhost:8080/news/local/metro/crime_is_up

and you will see the following output :

[segment 3] : metro

[segment 4] : crimeisup

That's it. Simple URI segmenting by the numbers. Hope you will find this tutorial useful.

References :

https://ellislab.com/codeigniter/user-guide/libraries/uri.html

https://www.socketloop.com/tutorials/golang-parsing-or-breaking-down-url

http://golang.org/pkg/net/url/#Parse